Posts Tagged ‘Subspecies’

Anniella Pulchra: A Diminutive Burrower

Sunday, September 25th, 2011


This small family has not yet been seriously allied with any other group, so it maintains the distinctiveness of its own family status. There are but two species, one with two subspecies, found only in California and Baja California. They are limbless lizards lacking an external ear but possessing eyelids and functional eyes. They are very thin bodied, and a giant may be nine inches long. The upper temporal arch is absent. Osteoderms reduced, the scales smooth and subequal. The head is conical, the upper jaw extending far beyond the lower. The tongue is smooth, dark, bifid, and protrusible. Columella cranii absent.

Teeth few, large, recurved, resembling those of Heloderma. The taxa are as follows: silvery legless lizard, Anniella pulchra pulchra; black legless lizard, A. pulchra nigra; and Geronimo legless lizard, A. geronimensis.

These lizards are fossorial and prefer loose soil near moisture, such as beaches. They feed on small invertebrae animals including earthworms. The species are known to be viviparous.

 

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Jackson’s Chameleon

Tuesday, May 24th, 2011


Protected as endangered or threatened with extinction. The difficulty with which these lizards can be maintained and bred adds to their scarcity, and many types are best alone within their natural habitat as their only hope of survival.

In one interesting case, the unique and startling Three-horned Jackson’s Chameleon was introduced into the wild in Hawaii and is now well established on Oahu, as well as on the Kona side of the big island of Hawaii and on Maui.

The subspecies in Hawaii is known as the Yellow Crested Jackson’s Chameleon (Chamaeleo jacksonii xantholopus). All Hawaiian Jackson’s Chameleons are descended from a group of a few dozen released by a pet shop owner who imported them with permission of the Hawaii State Department of Agriculture. The lizards arrived sickly, so the shop owner released them into the backyard, assuming that they could restore themselves and be retrieved later for sale. The animals not only restored themselves, they began to breed and began to spread far and wide. Just about every one of the Yellow Crested Jackson’s Chameleons (normally found in Kenya) sold in the U.S. was captured and brought here from this population introduced Hawaii. This lizard has become a legend in Hawaii and one of the most popular wild animals with senses and is widely kept as a pet there.

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Fence Lizards or Swifts (Sceloporus sp.)

Saturday, April 9th, 2011


There are close to 100 or so species and subspecies of the fence lizard or swift native to North America, and they all make interesting, easy to care for captives that adapt well if properly housed and cared for. They become so well acclimated that they’ll even learn to take food from a human hand.

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The Dexterous Lizards

Wednesday, December 15th, 2010


There are about 3,000 species and subspecies of lizards, and though they differ in many ways, they have one habit in common – all shed their skins. Adults molt once every month or so, during the months in which they are active, and unlike snakes, most do not shuffle off their epidermis in one piece, but in patches or even a scale at a time. The banded gecko below rips off its old skin with its mouth and swallows the strips. And to peel its feet, it yanks at each digit as though removing a tight glove.

The Komodo Monitors of Indonesia, the largest, heaviest lizards. grow to 10 feet and weigh up to 300 pounds. They occasionally catch small deer or pigs and can swallow them whole.

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Dangerous Lizards

Wednesday, November 10th, 2010


While it is true that any lizard caught by hand is likely to bite, only a very few are likely to cause any real harm. Certain large lizards, those over two feet long, may bite hard enough to draw blood, but only two feet long, may bite hard enough to draw blood, but only two species are venomous out of the numerous species of known lizards. These are the Gila monster and the beaded lizard (Heloderma suspectum and H. horridum, respectively) of the southwestern United States and western Mexico. Both are thick bodied, blunt headed, and stout tailed. All but one subspecies are mottled orange or yellow and black; the other form, from lower Mexico, is solid black. The only venomous lizard in the United States, the Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum) is now protected by law in the few areas it occurs.

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A Place in the Sun

Wednesday, February 3rd, 2010


The common green iguana is one species within one genus of a family of lizards found mostly in the New World. This green iguana and the other typical iguanas are tropical and semi-tropical and active during daylight hours (diurnal). Their eyes have round pupils and well developed lids. Their tongues are short, thick and only slightly notched, as contrasted to the long forked tongue of, for instance, the monitor lizards. It lays eggs, in common with most other iguanids (oviparous). Only a few give birth to living young (viviparous). They are frequently but not always brightly colored; they often have spines, frills or crests, and many can distend their throats. They can alter their color somewhat, some species more than others. Some may favor trees (arboreal) and others favor the land (terrestrial). Two are from the Galapagos Islands, and one of these is semi-marine, eats seaweed and would probably rather die than climb a tree.

For a beginning herpetologist or hobbyist pet keeper, the best iguana is the common green iguana – scientifically: Iguana iguana iguana. If you don’t go out of your way when you choose a pet in a pet shop, this is what you probably will get. Good. The only other iguanas that resemble it are Iguana iguana delicatissima which lacks the circular shields found below the eardrums of Iguana iguana iguana, and Iguana iguana rhinolopha which has a slight protuberance at the snout. So there you have it – genus Iguana, species iguana, and subspecies perhaps iguana or delicatissima or rhinolopha.

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The Iguana part 2

Saturday, January 23rd, 2010


The Galapagos land Iguana, Conolophus subcristatus, is frequently seen in zoos but rarely in private collections. It is protected by law.

It weighs twenty-two pounds. There is a subspecies, A.c. venustissimus, found only on Hood Island. It is only 30 inches maximum length and brightly colored, but nevertheless is valueless as a captive pet.

CONOLOPHUS – One species, the Galapagos land iguana, Conolophus subcristatus. It is a vegetarian, eating shoots, bark, flowers, fruits, cactus pads and grasshoppers. With a row of spines down the back, this is a powerful looking lizard; however, it is easy to tame. It needs warmth – say 80 to 90 degrees F. It is surely used to salty food and may actually relish it. Four feet long.

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The Iguana

Wednesday, January 20th, 2010


Close up of a mature Galapagos land iguana. Notice especially the bumpy scales on the head and the spines at the back of the neck.

IGUANA – The primary subject of this book. Depending on whose classification – and when it was written – there is one species or two and perhaps even three subspecies. For purposes of this book there is one species with three subspecies all having identical natural history and only slight differences in appearance.

IGUANA IGUANA IGUANA – Common green iguana, tuberculated iguana, common iguana, Chinese dragon and, in Central America, gallina de pallo - chicken.

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