Posts Tagged ‘Ribs’

Iguana’s Structure

Friday, March 12th, 2010

The forelimbs are supported from the pectoral girdle. The humerus bone articulates at a point between the sternum and inter scapula. Similarly, the femur fits into an opening of the ischium. At the lowest point of the pectoral girdle is the sternum, a bone which protects a good part or the internal organs. Between the sternum and the pelvis may be a bony or cartilaginous union of the ribs, known as the parasternum. Extending from beneath the scapula and uniting with the sternum is the clavicle, a bone always present in pairs.

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Origin of the Turtle’s Shell

Tuesday, October 13th, 2009

The origin of the turtle’s shell has not been convincingly explained to any length or depth.   A small reptile now named Eunotosaurus that lived approximately 250 million years ago in the “Permian” age has often been stated and referred to as  a probable turtle or turtle based ancestor.  It had ribs which were broadened in such a way that suggests it played the role of a rudimentary “shell”. But whatever  the beginnings of turtles may have been – then the shell itself is now the mark  of the turtle clan.

In spite of the millions of years of evolution that have seen turtles established nearly everywhere on the earth except for the air , with “flying turtles”.  the shell itself has been retained and is the most recognizable form and indeed trademark of this group and grouping of type of animals.

Oldest Turtle Found; May Crack Shell-Evolution Mystery – Care2 … – Fossils of the oldest known turtles, unearthed in southwestern China, may help answer an evolutionary enigma—how did the turtle get its shell?

How the Turtle got It’s Shell… « Nirvana Peace – Xiao-chun Wu, a palaeontologist at the Canadian Museum of Nature in Ottawa and a member of the research team, said: “Since the 1800s, there have been many hypotheses about the origin of the turtle shell. Now we have these fossils of the …

NeuroLogica Blog » Turtle on the Half-Shell – The turtle shell is a dramatic evolutionary adaption, and yet it appeared fully formed in the fossil record, so paleontologists could only speculate about its origins. A report is about to be published in the journal Nature by authors …

Evolution of Turtle Shell: The Mystery Gets Cracked Open by Scientists – Uncovered in south west China last year, Odontochelys semistestacea seems to be the oldest known turtle fossil – believed to date 220 million years back. More.

A Clue to the Evolutionary Riddle of How the Turtle Got Its Shell … – Says researcher Xiao-chun Wu: “Since the 1800s, there have been many hypotheses about the origin of the turtle shell. Now we have these fossils of the earliest known turtle. They support the theory that the shell would have formed from …

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Forelimbs

Wednesday, January 14th, 2009

The vertebrae are the first bones encountered beyond the skull areas.  The first vertebrae is the atlas, so named because it must bear the skull.  The second bone is the axis , the pivot point which allows free movement of the head and neck areas.  The hyoid apparatus in the throatal areas , roughly behind an in front of these first vertebrae, or it may be a free unit – free standing so to speak.   It protects the windpipe.

The body of the vertebrae is called a “centrum ;  the space between centra is the  intercentrum.  The vertebral centra may be one of two types , either amphicouelous ( biconcave) or procoelus ( concave anterior , convex posterior).  The backbone runs the entire length of the tail, but should this member be lost. the replacement will forever be devoid of true vertebrae.  Along the rail section , when true vertebrae are present. one can locate the plane of autonomy, which is usually a cartilaginous plate before or behind the transverse process of the vertebra.

The forelimbs are supported from the pectoral girdle.  The humerus bone articulates at a point between the sternum and interscapula.  Similarly the femur fits into an openingof the ischium.  At the lowest point of the pectoral girdle is the sternum ,  a bone which protects a good part of the internal organs.  Between the sternum and the pelvis may be a bony or cartilaginous union of the ribs, known as the parasternum.  Extending from beneath the scapula  and uniting with the sternum is the clavicle , a bone always present in pairs.

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