Posts Tagged ‘Niches’

Reptiles

Saturday, December 25th, 2010


The history of reptiles, from their first appearance during the Carboniferous to the present, is traced on this chart. (Each white area represents a major order plotted according to when it first began to flower and how long it lasted.) In addition to the major groups, many short-lived offshoots developed. For reasons of space only two of them, represented by the marine forms Geosaurus  and Tylosaurus, have been included here. Solid bars on the chart indicate lines of descent which have been fairly well established by the fossil record. Broken bars are used where the fossil evidence is sketchy.

A striking aspect of reptile history is how, from the primitive cotylosaurs (here represented by Seymouria), these creatures radiated to occupy an enormous variety of niches on land, in the water, and in the air. One group of cotylosaurian descendants that played a profound role in the development of reptiles was the thecodonts, primitive archosaurs. Not only did they give rise to the Ornithischia  and Saurischia (popularly called dinosaurs), but also the Pterosauria (flying reptiles) and the Crocodilia. Thecodonts were even related to the ancestral birds. The mammals evolved from another group, the therapsids, shown at lower left.

Another curious fact of reptilian evolution revealed by this chart is the relative suddenness with which order after order disappeared toward the end of the Cretaceous, described as “the time of the great.”

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A Contented Iguana

Sunday, August 23rd, 2009


The pet iguana should a/ways be provided with separate water dishes—one for drinking and one for bathing.

Being otherwise inescapable. A 22-inch (56 cm) iguana that the author once kept had the misfortune of falling a distance of 6 feet (183 cm) and dropping into a cardboard box. The panicked lizard jumped out of the box leaving 91/2 Niches (23 cm) of its tail ‘behind. Although bewildered and frightened, the iguana quickly recovered its

Composure. The bleeding was minimal at the point of separation. The abandoned tail wriggled for a few minutes as it had a life of its own. After the incident the lizard continued to grow at about the same rate. The tail, however, increased in length only about 1 inch (2.5 cm) from the point where it broke. The section that did grow back was dark. Brown in color

Iguanas appear to be much more secure when they are perched near or on the highest peak in their captive surroundings. Much of their time is spent atop the branch that is closest to the ceiling of their terrarium. When permitted to roam throughout the house, the available “crawlspace” at the top of the inside windows are usually preferred by these lizards. A shelf that runs parallel to a windowsill might be constructed. This affords the iguana the option of basking in the sunshine that radiates from outside.

When observing the view from a first-floor window, an iguana’s keen eyes are alert to the movement of dogs, cats, and other small animals. The lizard’s reactions range from fear to indignation. When forced into a life-threatening confrontation with another animal, an iguana would probably be more successful at convincing its adversary (with the use of a somewhat exaggerated display of its potential viciousness) that it is

Capable of inflicting serious injury (thus causing the antagonist to flee) than it would be in an attempt to be victorious in battle.

When outraged, an iguana will puff out its body and stand erect on all four legs, giving the impression that the lizard is larger in size than it is in actuality. Dew lapping, an interesting instinctive behavior of many lizards, is usually incorporated into this aggressive performance. A dewlap is the portion of skin located directly below the lizard’s chin; it extends from there to the top of its chest region. Dewlapping is the repeated up and down

Be sure to give your iguana the opportunity to exercise, as sedentary pets tend became lazy and obese. became lazy as withdrawn _”I feel so lazy today” says my good friend Aidan.

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