Posts Tagged ‘Lizards’
Monday, March 1st, 2010
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Above the ocular cavity is a bone or pair of bones called the frontals. This is a centrally located bone met anteriorly by the nasals or occasionally the prefrontal. It is bordered posteriorly by the parietal. Along the border of the frontal and parietal, or often in the center of the parietal, may be found a single round hole. It is in this small aperture that the pineal gland or third eye is located. In species lacking the eye, this pineal foramen is often absent.
There may be a temporal arch, an arch of bone created by the postorbital and squamosal bones. The lower arch, formed by an extension of the jugal with the quadrate, is not found in lizards, but does occur in the tuatara, Sphenodon, a lizard-like animal of New Zealand. In some lizards and all snakes the upper temporal arch is lacking; in these forms the squamosal bone is rudimentary or absent.
One last aspect of the skull that should be mentioned is the occipital condyle, the point where the cranium is fixed to the skull. This is a point of bone (single in lizards and the other reptiles) where the first vertebra, the atlas, attaches to the skull. It is not always at the hindmost part of the skull.
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Tags: Anatomy, Aperture, Auto Financing, Cavity, Cranium, Foramen, Jugal, lizard, Lizards, Nasals, Occipital Condyle, Parietal, Pineal Gland, Quadrate, reptiles, Skull, Snakes, Temporal Arch, Third Eye, Tuatara, Vertebra
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Sunday, February 14th, 2010
In this section I have tried to outline the more important elements used in establishing a system of effective classification and at the same time to enlighten the layman to the “little things” that are a very important part of making a lizard a lizard. Although this chapter is brief, it is as complete as space allows and as accurate as possible.
Skull
In general discussions about the head of an animal, the upper portion is referred to as the cranium, while the lower part consists of the mandible. In lizards the foremost bone of the mandible is the dentary; it is at the foremost point of the dentary bone that the two halves of the mandibles are firmly united (the symphysis). The mandible articulates with the cranium at the quadrate bone, located near the rear of the cranium. The coronoid bone juts up behind the dentary bone and fits into a socket formed by the pterygoid bones of the cranium. The distance from the tip of the snout to the coronoid intersection determines the gape of the lizard.
In the mandible, teeth are found on the dentary bone; in the cranium they may be on the maxillary, premaxillary, palatine, or pterygoid bones. The teethe themselves may be pleurodont (along the side of the bone) or acrodont (along the crest of the bone). On some lizards thecodont teeth (fitting into sockets) are found, but along with one of the other types. The teeth may be pyramidal, conidal, flat, bicuspid, or tricuspid. They can be quickly and frequently replaced.
Between the maxillary, premaxillary, and septomaxillary, bones is a large gap in the cranium. This is in effect the internal nasal arch through which the nostrils draw air through the skull into the mouth. Another gap exists a little behind this.
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Tags: Auto Financing, Bicuspid, Cranium, Foremost Point, Gap, Gape, General Discussions, Layman, lizard, Lizards, Mandible, Mandibles, Maxillary, Nasal Arch, Nostrils, Palatine, Skull, Snout, Sockets, Symphysis, Upper Portion
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Friday, February 5th, 2010
Aside from the typical sauiran characteristics , there are certain distinguishing through non universal traits found in lizards. There are various modifications found in certain organs .
The first structures in the lacertilian eye. The eyes may be extremely well developed with functional lids and color perceptions, or the eyes may be concealed under a layer or layers of skin , making them useless. The pupil or pupils could be elliptical or round. In the Gellonidae , at least many forms possess compound eyeballs. In the Chammaleontidae, the eyes are covered by a thick membrane of skin with a small aperture near the middle. Each eyeball can move of the other, a trait not wholly confined to the chameleons but found in other genera as well.
Strange & Amazing Animal Camouflage | WebEcoist – Malaysian Orchid Mantis … Bizarre animals defense mechanisms of the potato beetle, opossum, skunk, bombardier beetle, hairy frog, horned lizard, hagfish, sea cucumber, and exploding ant. … User Gravatar sercret agent. January 29th, 2009 at 3:42 am. this rocksanimals camouflage | Funny Pics – In nature, the animal capabilities to camouflage are coming from their long evolution of special adaptations that help them find food and to get away from. … Dead Leaf Mantis (Deroplatys Desiccata). One of the extraordinary family of mantidae , if alarmed it lies motionless on the rainforest floor, disappearing among the real dead leaves. It eats other animals up to the size of small lizards. From the island of Madagascar, Africa. Gaboon Viper (Bitis Gabonica) …
Greatest animals camouflage – In nature, the animal capabilities to camouflage are coming from their long evolution of special adaptations that help them find food and to get away from becoming food. In today’s post, I have set a compilation of animals picture and … Dead Leaf Mantis (Deroplatys Desiccata). One of the extraordinary family of mantidae, if alarmed it lies motionless on the rainforest floor, disappearing among the real dead leaves. It eats other animals up to the size of small lizards. …
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Tags: Adaptations, Animal Camouflage, Animals Camouflage, Bizarre Animals, Chameleons, Dead Leaf, Dead Leaves, Defense Mechanisms, Eyeballs, Funny Pics, Gaboon Viper, Horned Lizard, Island Of Madagascar, Layers Of Skin, Lids, Lizards, Opossum, Potato Beetle, Rainforest Floor, Sea Cucumber
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Wednesday, February 3rd, 2010
The common green iguana is one species within one genus of a family of lizards found mostly in the New World. This green iguana and the other typical iguanas are tropical and semi-tropical and active during daylight hours (diurnal). Their eyes have round pupils and well developed lids. Their tongues are short, thick and only slightly notched, as contrasted to the long forked tongue of, for instance, the monitor lizards. It lays eggs, in common with most other iguanids (oviparous). Only a few give birth to living young (viviparous). They are frequently but not always brightly colored; they often have spines, frills or crests, and many can distend their throats. They can alter their color somewhat, some species more than others. Some may favor trees (arboreal) and others favor the land (terrestrial). Two are from the Galapagos Islands, and one of these is semi-marine, eats seaweed and would probably rather die than climb a tree.
For a beginning herpetologist or hobbyist pet keeper, the best iguana is the common green iguana – scientifically: Iguana iguana iguana. If you don’t go out of your way when you choose a pet in a pet shop, this is what you probably will get. Good. The only other iguanas that resemble it are Iguana iguana delicatissima which lacks the circular shields found below the eardrums of Iguana iguana iguana, and Iguana iguana rhinolopha which has a slight protuberance at the snout. So there you have it – genus Iguana, species iguana, and subspecies perhaps iguana or delicatissima or rhinolopha.
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Tags: Auto Financing, Common Green Iguana, Crests, Daylight Hours, Eardrums, Forked Tongue, Galapagos Islands, Genus Iguana, Green Iguana, Herpetologist, Lids, Lizards, Monitor Lizards, Pet Shop, Place In The Sun, Protuberance, Pupils, Seaweed, Snout, Subspecies, Viviparous
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Friday, January 29th, 2010
Not all mites are found on the exposed skin of your reptile pet. Some species get into the nostrils, others get into the trachea and lungs. This is a job for your veterinarian. Others lodge themselves near the sometimes moist area near the cloaca and around the base of the tail. This you can clear up by drying and disinfecting the cage.
Occasionally a recently imported iguana is found which is free of mites and ticks but is still wasting away, although eating well. This animal may be suffering from pin worms or other internal parasitic worms. His cloaca will be loaded with them and your veterinarian will be able to find them in the feces in the same way he examines dogs and cats. He may be able to treat your pet successfully. The problem is usually that the pet owner doesn’t recognize that there is a problem until the specimen is on the threshold of death.
If you wish to avoid problems like this, start with a bright eyed healthy animal and keep him clean and isolated from other animals which may be infested with parasites.
Your pet may not wear down his toenails as fast as they continue to grow. If you notice that they are twisting under or corkscrewing, you might do well to prune them a little. Go at it slowly until you find how far to clip without striking living tissue – the part of the nail nearest the toe is actually alive and is supplied with veins, arteries and nerves.
You should use a tool which cuts the nail but does not splinter it by crushing. For a young iguana, perhaps an ordinary fingernail clipper will suffice. Larger lizards will need the tool which is used for dogs. Perhaps you can buy one in your pet shop. You should not ever strike the “quick,” but if you do, you can stop the flow of blood with a styptic pencil – this is just alum and is available in your drugstore or from nearly any man who shaves with a razor. As with any minor wound, it can be treated with an antiseptic cream, but it will probably heal uneventfully regardless of whether you treat it or not.
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Tags: Alum, Antiseptic Cream, Arteries, Cloaca, Dogs And Cats, Feces, Fingernail, Lizards, Mites, Moist Area, Nostrils, Parasitic Worms, Pet Owner, Pet Shop, Pin Worms, Reptile Pet, Styptic Pencil, Toenails, Trachea, Veterinarian
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Sunday, November 29th, 2009
This is a special concern when keeping herbivores and lizards that drink droplets of water from the leaves of plants. When real plants are included in the environment it is suggested that they remain in individual pots. If the terrarium is a wood-framed cage, the use of a false bottom can be advantageous. Assuming that the bottom is constructed of plywood, it is fairly easy to locate the areas where the plants are to be positioned and cut out holes of appropriate sizes that will accommodate the corresponding plant pots. When the pots are arranged a suitable substrate can then be applied to cover their tops.
There are several types of natural-looking gravels that are manufactured primarily for use in freshwater tropical fish aquaria. These substrates are well-suited for use in terraria. A potting soil mixture can be used in place of gravel. Regardless of the medium that is used to cover the floor of the terrarium, cleanliness must be maintained, and periodic replacement of the gravel or soil is recommended. If a false bottom is in place, the substrate can be changed with much less disturbance to the plants.
Decorations of the temperate/subtropical environment should reflect the natural habitat of the individual species. Terrestrial lizards should be provided with plenty of ground cover, such as horizontally positioned branches, pieces of tree bark, and rocks that are light enough for the animals to burrow under. Upright branches might also be included; even those lizards that are considered to be terrestrial will occasionally climb if they are furnished with the means to do so. Arboreal species can be afforded some ground cover in their environment, although the main concern is the provision of twigs, limbs, and branches that offer the lizards a variety of perches that are located at different distances from the overhead heat and light sources. Driftwood, although usually expensive, can be a very attractive addition to most terraria.
Whether the decor is comprised of branches, driftwood, or small and/or large stones and rocks, the safety of the inhabitants of the habitat should be considered. Rock formations and arrangements of branches should be secured to prevent the specimens from being crushed by an unstable construction of scenery. Also check for sharp splinters and ends on branches, as well as unusually sharp edges on rocks and all other decor.
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Tags: Arboreal Species, Attractive Addition, Driftwood, Droplets Of Water, False Bottom, Gravels, Heat And Light, Herbivores, Light Sources, Lizards, Natural Habitat, Perches, Plant Pots, Potting Soil, Soil Mixture, Subtropical Environment, Suitable Substrate, Terrarium, Tree Bark, Tropical Fish
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Thursday, November 26th, 2009
Prove to be the ideal temperatures for most temperate and subtropical species. Many species of lizards, regardless of climatic origin, will drink water from a bowl or other container. The provision of water can be as simple as the inclusion of a water dish or as complicated as the elaborate arrangement of a waterfall and its corresponding lagoon.
Drinking water, as well as the water that is provided for the lizard to soak in, should always be clean. The bowl should be emptied and refilled daily. If chlorine in tap water is a concern, bottled mineral water is commercially available. Many lizards are good swimmers, but others are not so adept. To eliminate the threat of a fatal fall into a water dish, it is a good idea to place non-sedimentary rocks, such as red shale, in an arrangement that provides the lizards with ease of access both into and out of the water. Either a drip system or the use of an air stone in conjunction with the water bowl will increase humidity as well as enable the lizard to find the water more easily. (Drip systems and air stone agitation of the water should be avoided in desert terrariums.)
Plastic plants can be used to decorate the terrarium environment, although they inspire nearly the same apathy in the viewer of such a habitat as do their sea-going counterparts that can be found in many uninteresting aquariums. Although plastic plants give the terrarium an unnatural “look,” they do have their advantages. Many “species” of fake plants are tough enough to withstand the abuse that is sometimes dealt out by rambunctious lizards. Additionally, the probability that pesticides have been applied prior to purchase is extremely remote. Conversely, most real plants will probably harbor these toxic substances. It is advisable to thoroughly clean any plant that has been purchased from a source where pesticide contamination is a possibility, although all traces of the poisonous chemicals might not be removable.
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Tags: Agitation, Apathy, Aquariums, Bottled Mineral Water, Chlorine, Drip System, Drip Systems, Fake Plants, Lizards, Pesticide Contamination, Plastic Plants, Poisonous Chemicals, Sedimentary Rocks, Shale, Species Of Lizards, Subtropical Species, Tap Water, Toxic Substances, Water Bowl, Water Dish
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Monday, November 16th, 2009
Wind is probably rarely considered when deciding the possible environmental conditions in which to place an individual lizard specimen, and although the presence or absence of wind is probably not a crucial factor in successfully maintaining lizards, it seems appropriate that any environmental condition that can be duplicated in the captive habitat of any animal should be attempted.
Adequate air circulation certainly is necessary in any enclosed lizard habitat to prevent air stagnation, and in the case of tropical rain-forest environments, to prevent the growth of molds and other fungi.
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Tags: Absence, Adequate Air, Air Circulation, Air Stagnation, Auto Financing, Environmental Condition, Environmental Conditions, Fungi, lizard, Lizards, Molds, Presence, Rain Forest Environments, Specimen, Terrarium, Tropical Rain Forest, Winnipeg
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Friday, November 13th, 2009
Throughout the night, during the daylight hours the radiation of heat from a light source, which enables the lizard to bask, is the preferred method.
When light bulbs are used in conjunction with “hot rocks” a wider variety of temperatures becomes available to the lizard. The “heating” rock can be positioned on the floor and strategically placed in the lizard’s environment. The specimen then has the option of climbing onto the device, where it can regulate its body temperature in much the same manner as it would by lying on a warm rock. For fear of the obvious hazards of electricity, these devices as well as all other electrical equipment should never be exposed to wetness unless it can be guaranteed that the unit in question is waterproof.
Humidity requirements for lizards vary from species to species, depending on the climate they come from. A climate is comprised of many different elements, including: mean annual temperature; precipitation; relative humidity; amount of sunshine/cloudiness; and wind direction and velocity.
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Tags: Annual Temperature, Auto Dealer, Body Temperature, Cloudiness, Conjunction, Daylight Hours, Electrical Equipment, Hazards Of Electricity, Hot Rocks, Humidity Requirements, Light Bulbs, Light Source, lizard, Lizards, Preferred Method, Radiation, Relative Humidity, Specimen, Temperature Precipitation, Velocity, Wetness, Wind Direction
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Sunday, August 23rd, 2009
The pet iguana should a/ways be provided with separate water dishes—one for drinking and one for bathing.
Being otherwise inescapable. A 22-inch (56 cm) iguana that the author once kept had the misfortune of falling a distance of 6 feet (183 cm) and dropping into a cardboard box. The panicked lizard jumped out of the box leaving 91/2 Niches (23 cm) of its tail ‘behind. Although bewildered and frightened, the iguana quickly recovered its
Composure. The bleeding was minimal at the point of separation. The abandoned tail wriggled for a few minutes as it had a life of its own. After the incident the lizard continued to grow at about the same rate. The tail, however, increased in length only about 1 inch (2.5 cm) from the point where it broke. The section that did grow back was dark. Brown in color
Iguanas appear to be much more secure when they are perched near or on the highest peak in their captive surroundings. Much of their time is spent atop the branch that is closest to the ceiling of their terrarium. When permitted to roam throughout the house, the available “crawlspace” at the top of the inside windows are usually preferred by these lizards. A shelf that runs parallel to a windowsill might be constructed. This affords the iguana the option of basking in the sunshine that radiates from outside.
When observing the view from a first-floor window, an iguana’s keen eyes are alert to the movement of dogs, cats, and other small animals. The lizard’s reactions range from fear to indignation. When forced into a life-threatening confrontation with another animal, an iguana would probably be more successful at convincing its adversary (with the use of a somewhat exaggerated display of its potential viciousness) that it is
Capable of inflicting serious injury (thus causing the antagonist to flee) than it would be in an attempt to be victorious in battle.
When outraged, an iguana will puff out its body and stand erect on all four legs, giving the impression that the lizard is larger in size than it is in actuality. Dew lapping, an interesting instinctive behavior of many lizards, is usually incorporated into this aggressive performance. A dewlap is the portion of skin located directly below the lizard’s chin; it extends from there to the top of its chest region. Dewlapping is the repeated up and down
Be sure to give your iguana the opportunity to exercise, as sedentary pets tend became lazy and obese. became lazy as withdrawn _”I feel so lazy today” says my good friend Aidan.
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Tags: Adversary, Antagonist, Cardboard Box, Composure, Confrontation, Crawlspace, Dogs Cats, Few Minutes, Indignation, Keen Eyes, lizard, Lizards, Misfortune, Niches, Pet Iguana, Small Animals, Surroundings, Terrarium, Water Dishes, Windowsill
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