Uglogical

Book Your Tour Of Chichen Itza from Cancun Today

Tags: Alligators, Bulging Eyes, Crocodiles, Crocodiles Alligators, Crocodilians, Deep Water, Dinosaurs, Dives, Fishing Trips, Gavials, Gullet, Jaws, Nostrils, Palatal, Playa Del Carmen, Puerto Morelos, reptiles, Ripple, Swimmers, Windpipe
Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

Reptiles During Permian Period

Sunday, March 18th, 2012

No student of the history life on earth will deny that the coming of the reptiles was one of the great events. As the first truly terrestrial vertebrates, the early reptiles not only filled out the faunal picture for their own time in arresting ways, but they also set the stage for later dramatic happenings like the rise of the dinosaurs, the beginnings of birds and the age-long evolution of the mammal line.

The reptiles went ashore during the Permian, more than 250 million years ago. There was growing opportunity in the Permian land, and by a surprising twist of history, the reptile ancestors had already evolved equipment to take advantage of the opportunity and become the first terrestrial pioneers. During the time of the coal forests, land vegetation had become well developed. Ferns, seed ferns and their kin covered the low-lying land, the energy of the sun was being caught by chlorophyll, insects had made their appearance and food was wasting on the shore. It was almost certainly the insects as a source of animal food that attracted the reptile ancestors living harassed lives at the rim of the land. If one had to work out this bit of paleontology by logic, one would probably do it this way: the insects were there, vertebrate life was under competitive and predatory pressure in the sea, so some of the shallow-water vertebrates, seeking food and refuge ashore, gradually acquired legs, lungs, scales and the shelled egg, and thus developed at last into land reptiles which were able to forage for insects in the forest.

Edmonton Alberta Mazda Dealer Strathearn

Tags: Animal Food, Dinosaurs, Forage, Insects, Land Vegetation, Life On Earth, Logic One, Mammal, Million Years, Own Time, Paleontology, Permian Period, Reptile Ancestors, reptiles, Seed Ferns, Shallow Water, Shelled Egg, Terrestrial Vertebrates, Tour Of Chichen Itza, Vertebrate Life
Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

Crests and Ornamentation

Saturday, September 10th, 2011

With the popularity of science fiction being what it is today, few people have not seen a Lost Island-type picture where the bold scientist and hid party encounter the “last surviving dinosaurs.” One fact pervades all the grand attempts of the cinema to depict a dinosaur: all dinosaurs have to have crests, frills, or spines. The lizards and crocodiles used in these movies are always adorned with this fancy make-up.

But among the vast array of living lizards, few of the large ones possess such fancy accouterments, while many small forms are more bizarre that anything Hollywood could conceive. The large iguanas do have dorsal crests, but nothing like what one sees in the movies. Admittedly, there are a few large forms like Hydrosaurus which would fit the bill nicely, but they are exceptional.

Considered to be fairly plain lizards, the genus Anolis has members with a developed caudal sail, while males of the genus as a whole are known for their bright throat fans. The true chameleons have great diversity in facial horns, as do the agamid lizards of the genus Harpesaurus. Ceratophora has a single horn-like flap on the tip of its snout, while Lyriocephalus has a small globe on theirs.

The Australian lizard Chlamydosaurus kingii may have the most unique accessory of all. On either side of the body is a large flap of skin. When alarmed, the lizard extends these flaps even with the head, greatly enlarging its appearance. This trait has earned it the name of frilled dragon.

The list of bizarre forms goes on with the American horned lizards (Phrynosoma) and the Australian moloch (Moloch). There exists the beautiful union of form and function in the wings of Draco. Certain Central American teiids, genus Proctoporus, have light-reflecting spots along their sides; one form may even be bioluminescent.

What Is A Deal Of The Day Site The Internet has incorporated a fairly new aspect to the ways that establishments are being performed now. With the finishing of every single day, the online businesses are developing the approaches to enhance their services...
Cost-effective Breast Augmentation New York Surgical treatment Choices Busts enlargement surgical treatment enhances the size and shape of the breasts. Numerous ladies turn to boob augmentation as being a method to restore confidence, sense far more feminine and attractive. Despite the fact that...
You’re Broke Because You Want to Be by Larry Winget Larry Winget is a best selling author that is known for his no nonsense style and sometimes brutal prose. His latest book is quite a read and true to form, the man talks tough. However,...
Roy Rogers Toys Memorabilia -> United States -> 1940-49 Roy Rogers toys weren't just the popular playthings of a generation who viewed Roy as an authentic cowboy and a real American hero, they're a representation of an entire...
Ghostly Energy Not a lengthy story about ghosts but just a quick and short observation about a ghostly energy I encountered. No, I’m not confused, scared out of my mind nor even fearful I will have this...
For Women in France, Having It All Doesn't Mean Having Equality Weeks after giving birth, French women are offered a state-paid, extended course of vaginal gymnastics, complete with personal trainer, electric stimulation devices and computer games that reward particularly nimble squeezing. The aim, said Agnes de...

Tags: Accouterments, Agamid Lizards, Australian Lizard, Chameleons, Crests, Crocodiles, Dinosaurs, Draco, Edmonton Alberta, Flap, Genus, Horned Lizards, Hydrosaurus, Lizards, Mazda Dealer, Moloch, Ornamentation, Phrynosoma, Snout, True Chameleons
Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

Reptiles

Saturday, December 25th, 2010

The history of reptiles, from their first appearance during the Carboniferous to the present, is traced on this chart. (Each white area represents a major order plotted according to when it first began to flower and how long it lasted.) In addition to the major groups, many short-lived offshoots developed. For reasons of space only two of them, represented by the marine forms Geosaurus and Tylosaurus, have been included here. Solid bars on the chart indicate lines of descent which have been fairly well established by the fossil record. Broken bars are used where the fossil evidence is sketchy.

A striking aspect of reptile history is how, from the primitive cotylosaurs (here represented by Seymouria), these creatures radiated to occupy an enormous variety of niches on land, in the water, and in the air. One group of cotylosaurian descendants that played a profound role in the development of reptiles was the thecodonts, primitive archosaurs. Not only did they give rise to the Ornithischia and Saurischia (popularly called dinosaurs), but also the Pterosauria (flying reptiles) and the Crocodilia. Thecodonts were even related to the ancestral birds. The mammals evolved from another group, the therapsids, shown at lower left.

Another curious fact of reptilian evolution revealed by this chart is the relative suddenness with which order after order disappeared toward the end of the Cretaceous, described as “the time of the great.”

BC winning lottery numbers

Spruce Grove Alberta

Winnipeg Mainstay Suites Hotels

G20 Reveals New World Order Not Conspiracy Theory Sunday Paper - April 5th, 2009 American Exceptionalism Barack Obama is not leading the United States. What he is doing, and painfully obviously so, is having America take a seat in the back of the...
How to Get More from Collecting Chinese Paper Money Those who enjoy collecting currency are delighted to start collecting something like Chinese paper money. This is because of how rare some of the item can be as well as the history regarding the currency...
Question: What is the Best Interval for Day Trading: One Minute? Five Minute? Answer: NO MINUTE! Hereâs another question from the âAsk Barryâ service. This is a service where anyone can ask me a question about the market, technical analysis, trading, money management, etc. You can use the form in the...
Reflexology Foot Chart In order to fully understand how reflexology works, it is important to relate the “macrocosm to the microcosm.” In other words, be able to see how the human body is represented on the feet. The...
Chords 101 In both music as well as musical theory, chords are described as being sets of three or more unique notes in a specific key that are sounded simultaneously. Chords that are constructed of three notes...
Da Bulls! After a surge in energy to the downside, the S&P completed it's A, B, C pattern and has now made a Higher High. Technically it made a Lower Low as well, but looking at the...

Tags: Archosaurs, Broken Bars, Cretaceous, Curious Fact, Dinosaurs, Enormous Variety, First Appearance, Flying Reptiles, Fossil Evidence, History Of Reptiles, Mainstay Hotels, Mainstay Suites, Mammals, Niches, Offshoots, Ornithischia, Profound Role, Reptilian Evolution, Spruce Grove Alberta, Striking Aspect, Thecodonts, Therapsids, Tylosaurus, Winning Lottery Numbers
Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

The Empty Ecospace

Tuesday, December 29th, 2009

Until recently, the success of the dinosaurs over the rhynchosaurs, dicynodonts and cynodonts was explained by a competitive model. It was assumed that the erect gait of the dinosaurs, and other supposed advantages, allowed them to vanquish other Triassic animals and drive them to extinction.

There was a major crisis about 225 million years ago, some five million years after the origin of the first small dinosaurs. Numerous groups of animals died out in the sea and on land, as a result of a great climatic change or some other catastrophe. There is evidence that plants underwent major evolutionary upheavals about this time, and the rhynchosaurs and dicynodonts may have died out when they lost their essential plant foods. Whatever the cause, there was a mass extinction 225 million years ago. A mass extinction is the disappearance of a broad cross-section of plant and animal groups in a relatively short time. A dozen or more reptile groups died out then, including several significant ones such as the rhynchosaurs, dicynodonts, aetosaurs, and various carnivorous cynodont and ‘thecodontian’ groups. This left a large number of gaps in the ecology and possible lifestyles of terrestrial plants and animals, giving great opportunities for the surviving groups to take over and fill the gaps. The rare early dinosaurs, never more than one or two percent of their communities before the mass extinction, blossomed to represent 50 percent or more within a few million years.

This model for the origin of the dinosaurs – their opportunistic radiation into ‘empty ecospace’ is very different from the old competitive model. There is no long-term battle, in which whole groups are pitted against each other globally. The dinosaurs were lucky to be around at the right time, and they seized the opportunity. Competitive advantage no doubt played a part, however. The small Lagosuchus-like dinosaurs had an effective erect gait, with all of its advantages, and they were agile carnivores able to hunt a variety of prey. Just as the mammals replaced the dinosaurs opportunistically after the latter’s extinction, some 160 million years later, so the dinosaurs probably owed 95 percent of their success to being in the right place at the right time, and five percent to their natural competitive attributes.

Do You Need a Million Dollars to Retire? When baby boomers were young adults, we imagined becoming millionaires and being set for life. Today, that million dollar nest egg doesn't look so comforting. This was the topic of a recent survey conducted by...
Personal Finance Blogging Pet Peeves #1 (or the 10% compounding myth) I'm starting a series of pet peeves that I find in almost all personal finance blogs. One of the most amazing things you'll read is how some small amount of money compounds at 10% over...
PMI Group Winter 2008 Risk Index Last month, the PMI Group released their winter 2008 risk index. The risk index ranks the nation's largest 50 metropolitan areas according to the likelihood that home prices will be lower within the next two...
Golf Tournament Recap: US Tour Championship Phil Mickelson takes US Tour Championship Win, Tiger Woods Walks Away With $10 Million Dollars. Phil Mickelson managed to ge the best of Tiger Woods during the US Tour Championship, but he still saw the...
A Day to Act- World Malaria Day World Malaria Day, April 25, is just two brief months away! This is a day when everyone around the world shows their commitment to eliminating malaria, and this year is no different. The World Health...
Detroit: A Microcosm of Liberal Policy Sunday Paper - February 1st, 2009 The NFL's Detroit Lions really broke the hearts of fans in 2008, becoming the first team in history to record a 0 win and 16 loss season. However, when...

Tags: Animal Groups, Carnivores, Climatic Change, Competitive Advantage, Cross Section, Cynodont, Cynodonts, Dinosaurs, Disappearance, Five Million Years, Gait, Groups Of Animals, Mass Extinction, No Doubt, Plants And Animals, Reptile Groups, Right Time, Terrestrial Plants, Triassic Animals, Upheavals
Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

Advantages of an Erect Posture

Saturday, December 19th, 2009

The erect posture of dinosaurs is often said to be the key to their success. Why is this? An important reason is that an erect posture is mechanically more satisfactory than a sprawling one. The weight of the body is supported entirely from below. In a sprawler, the weight of the body is supported from the sides. While gravity effectively pulls straight down from the center of the body mass, in a sprawler this force has to be converted into a sideways component along the femur or humerus (upper arm bone), and then a vertical component down the tibia and fibula, and the radius and ulna (forearm bones), which causes great stresses are avoided if the gravitational force of the animal’s mass is transferred down through a straight, erect limb.

This mechanical advantage is important. Firstly, erect animals can run in a more sustained way: not necessarily faster, but with more stamina, because the effort of supporting the body weight is much less than in a sprawler. This would have been an immediate advantage to an archosaur chasing sprawling prey animals or escaping from a sprawling carnivore. Interestingly, the main plant-eating groups of the Middle Triassic, the pig-like rhynchosaurs and dicynodonts, were evolving semi-erect gaits at the same time. Indeed, the ancestors of the mammals, the cynodonts – which were moderate-sized carnivores at that stage – also showed similar advances.

Ideal Body Weight - Fantasy vs. Reality A doctor once told me that for my height, I should weigh between 124 and 138 lbs. I laughed right in his face. That seemed to upset him, so he went on to preach about...
Improving Body Weight Trek Mountain Bikes Trek Mountain Bikes and Improving Body Weight - Thrilling but often tricky situations make mountain bike riding fun, especially when exploring various kinds of trail including sharp ascents and easy-going countryside. The environmentally friendly and...
Improving Body Weight Trek Mountain Bikes Trek Mountain Bikes and Improving Body Weight - Thrilling but often tricky situations make mountain bike riding fun, especially when exploring various kinds of trail including sharp ascents and easy-going countryside. The environmentally friendly and...
Five Yoga Principles Here is a look at the five most important principles of yoga. These five yoga principles are absolutely essential to the practice of this ancient art. If you want to get the most out of...
Lose Weight, Look Good and Feel Great! It is the goal of many people to lose weight, look good and feel the best they can. The problem is that this goal is hindered by distorted interpretations of what is good. Every one...
Cardio and Strength Training for Weight Loss Usually when people think of exercising for weight loss they think of cardio, but not strength training. However, for good health and for quickerÂ weight loss, your exercise routine needs to include both. Why Cardio is...

Tags: Auto Financing, Body Mass, Carnivore, Cynodonts, Dinosaurs, Femur, Forearm Bones, Gaits, Gravitational Force, Mammals, Mechanical Advantage, Posture, Prey Animals, Radius And Ulna, Radius And Ulna Forearm, Sized Carnivores, Stamina, Stresses, Tibia And Fibula, Upper Arm Bone, Vertical Component
Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

The Origin of the Dinosaurs

Tuesday, December 15th, 2009

Most of the synapomorphies of the leg that appear in Ornithosuchus, advance in Lagosuchus, and come to full development in the dinosaurs are concerned with the acquisition of an erect gait – or the fully upright posture. It is important to note that erect or upright gait does not necessarily mean bipedal. Cows and horses have the erect gait and posture, just as much as humans do.

The first archosaurs were sprawlers, like modern lizards and salamanders. The limbs stuck out sideways from the body, and the elbows and knees form right angles at all times as the animal walks. Even at speed, a lizard generally swings its limbs far out to the side of its body, and it is assumed that the Early Triassic archosaurs moved in a similar way. During the Middle Triassic, most archosaurs adopted a semi-erect posture in which the body could be lifted clear of the ground, with the arms and legs tucked partly underneath for rapid locomotion. Finally, in the Middle and Late Triassic, the two archosaur lineages noted above – the crocodilian and dinosaur lines – adopted an erect posture in which the limbs were tucked underneath the body at all times. This seems to have happened independently in each line.

The aetosaurs, rauisuchians and early crocodilians evolved an erect posture in which the acetabula shifted beneath the hip bones and the heads of the femurs fitted straight up into them, like straight columns beneath a building. The members of the dinosaur line used the approach seen in mammals, in which the acetabula remain on the side of the hip bones but the femurs develop right-angled heads that fit in from the sides. In this design the relationship of hip girdle and leg is more like a buttress on the side of a church building, rather than a column beneath its roof, but the result is the same. The legs of dinosaurs, and of mammals, come together in a slightly knock-kneed fashion beneath the body, and this is a crucial feature.

Chipping Guide 101 pt 3 ... Continued from part two. 3 - Now for the actual swing itself, you are going to want to keep your arm swing so that it is in tune with the rotation of your body...
Five Best Reasons to Swim [/caption] So you finally decided to get in shape, but maybe youâ€™re not sure quite how to get started. One of the best ways to get yourself into shape is swimming. There are many benefits...
Positive Posture Fights Lower Back Pain Building a healthy body is like building a house, you must always start with the foundations. In the human body your skeleton acts as the solid ground for everything else to be built upon. Therefore...
Break Through Fatigue: Improve Energy Last year I was asked to test a supplement created by a doctor for women. It is a supplement designed to improve energy levels in women who take it for an extended period of time. ...
Do You Own Your Body? If you are struggling with your weight and your self esteem, there are many different things that you might find that you are not doing. Whether it’s wearing a favorite outfit, going to a gym...
How should you respond to someone asking for money? Previously, I have written about saying "No", to certain situations here and here . I personally believe that offering people money when they can't make ends meet doesn't always help them. Short term we may...

Tags: Acetabula, Archosaurs, Arms And Legs, Cows And Horses, Crocodilian, Crocodilians, Dinosaur Line, Dinosaurs, Femurs, Gait, Hip Bones, Hip Girdle, Lineages, Locomotion, Posture, Right Angles, Salamanders, Straight Columns, Synapomorphies, Triassic
Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

What are the Dinosaurs?

Saturday, December 12th, 2009

The inturned head of the femur (the beginnings of the full right-angled femur head seen in dinosaurs and in a different from in mammals); the straight knee joint; the reduced hinge-like ankle joint (technically termed the advanced mesotarsal, or AM, ankle); the long toes and the digitigrade posture of the foot, in which only the toes touch the ground, not the sole of the foot as in earlier archosaurs – and in humans today.

Most of the dinosaur-like characters are also seen in the flying pterosaurs. Certain paleontologists argue that Lagosuchus, the pterosaurs, and the dinosaurs together form a major clade that arose in the Middle to Late Triassic, some 230 million years ago.

The dinosaur-like synapomorphies of this clade, and their further modification in the dinosaurs proper, are part of a major series of related anatomical changes that took place among the archosaurs during the Triassic, and which may have been the key to the origin of the dinosaurs.

Dinosaur Bedding for Tough Kids Bedding for kids can have a hard life and not last very long with all of the abuse and other things that happen to it. If you are looking to replace bedding than a good...
How to Become a Serious Coin Collector There are two different types of coin collectors in this world: those who are serious about their collecting, and those who collect for simple enjoyment. While serious collectors do get enjoyment out of coin collecting,...
Ruptured Peroneus Longus Tendon So as I mentioned in my weigh in post, on Tuesday I was playing volleyball at the local community center.... It was a 3 on 3 game and we were receiving. My teammate passed the ball...

Tags: Anatomical Changes, Ankle Joint, Archosaurs, Auto Financing, Clade, Dinosaur, Dinosaurs, Femur Head, Hinge, Knee Joint, Long Toes, Mammals, Million Years, Paleontologists, Posture, Pterosaurs, Sole, Synapomorphies, Winnipeg
Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

Dinosaur Family Tree

Saturday, December 5th, 2009

The evolutionary tree of dinosaurs contains a great deal of information. The horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents dinosaurian diversity. All the major families of dinosaurs are indicated with horizontal lines that record their known distribution in time, as based upon present fossil evidence. Future finds of dinosaur skeletons may extend the time ranges backwards or forwards in time.

There are two “fixed” time lines that do not seem to be breached, however. The dinosaurs arose from a single ancestor some 230 million years ago, in the Middle to Late Triassic, and it is unlikely that older dinosaur skeletons will be found. The second “fixed” time line corresponds to the extinction of the last dinosaurs 66 million years ago. Despite strenuous efforts to find post-Mesozoic dinosaur specimens, and many reports of supposed discoveries, no such remains have withstood close scrutiny. Most usually, post-mesozoic dinosaur bones have been reworked, that is, removed from the rock by natural erosion and redeposited in a younger sediment.

The most important aspect of this phylogenetic tree is the representation of the relationships between the different families. This is based on recent cladistic anlyses, carried out by a number of North American and European vertebrae paleontologists after 1985, and the pattern shown here is quite revolutionary in the sense that it is dramatically different from anything in popular books of this sort. It is also important because it shows a much higher degree of resolution than the earlier phylogenies; that is, the pattern of relationships is shown in a much more detailed way than was possible before.